Skills in Industry 5.0: which ones really matter?

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify and prioritize the key skills required to support the transition toward Industry 5.0. It investigates both technical and non-technical competencies, with the hypothesis that soft skills are increasingly critical alongside traditional engineering expertise.

Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify relevant skills associated with Industry 5.0. These were then prioritized by a panel of experts using the MaxDiff methodology. In addition, a network analysis of academic literature was performed to explore interconnections among the identified skills.

Findings: Findings reveal that while technical and engineering skills remain fundamental, there is a strong need to complement them with soft skills such as flexibility, change management, problem solving, critical thinking, leadership, communication, and teamwork within interdisciplinary contexts.

Research limitations: This study relies on the perceptions of a panel of experts involved in the MaxDiff analysis, which may reflect specific geographical or sectoral biases. Future research could expand the sample size and validate the prioritized skills across different industrial sectors to generalize the findings.

Practical implications: The findings offer actionable guidance for HR managers and industrial leaders in redefining job profiles and recruitment strategies, highlighting the urgency of prioritizing soft skills alongside technical expertise. Furthermore, the study could help HEIs and VETs in redesigning engineering curricula.

Originality/value: The study provides an integrated overview of the competencies most relevant for Industry 5.0, emphasizing the importance of combining technical proficiency with human-centred capabilities. The results offer valuable insights for future research, educational program design, and workforce development strategies.